The framework · Business Operations

16 People & Talent

11 sub-categories. The three numbers on each are the typical opportunity in that area across businesses — not your result.

Time6.8/10Financial7.5/10Automation6.2/10

These three numbers are researched cross-business benchmarks for the area — the typical opportunity available in it. They are not your score, not a forecast, and not a promise. What is actually critical depends on your business, which is what the audit is for.

16.1

Roles and responsibilities

Time7/10Financial7/10Automation5/10
What this is
Who is responsible for what, written down and current.
Why it matters
Unclear responsibility is the most common cause of work falling through gaps, and of two people doing the same thing. It also makes performance impossible to discuss fairly.
You have a problem here if
Tasks are assigned by who is available rather than by whose job it is.
What to automate
Low automation potential — this is organisational design. Keep the responsibility map in one accessible place and review it whenever someone joins or leaves; automate only the reminder to do so.
16.2

Required skills

Time6/10Financial8/10Automation5/10
What this is
The capabilities the business needs, against the ones it has.
Why it matters
Skill gaps show up as slow delivery and quality problems long before anyone calls them skill gaps. Naming them turns a vague frustration into a hiring or training decision.
You have a problem here if
Certain work waits for one specific person because nobody else can do it.
What to automate
Maintain a simple skills matrix and automate the gap and single-point-of-failure report. Deciding whether to buy, build or outsource a capability is a management call.
16.3

Recruitment

Time8/10Financial7/10Automation8/10
What this is
How you find, assess and hire people, and how deliberate that process is.
Why it matters
A bad hire in a small business is disproportionately expensive — in salary, in management time, and in the customers affected while it plays out.
You have a problem here if
Hiring starts when someone leaves and finishes as fast as possible.
What to automate
High automation fit on the mechanics: job posting, application tracking, screening against defined criteria, scheduling and communication with candidates. Keep assessment human and structured — automated screening trained on your past hires will reproduce your past mistakes.
16.4

Onboarding

Time9/10Financial7/10Automation9/10
What this is
How a new person gets from first day to fully productive.
Why it matters
Nine for time. Onboarding is where the cost of hiring is either recovered quickly or bled slowly, and it is usually improvised.
You have a problem here if
New starters spend their first week working out who to ask.
What to automate
Very high automation potential: a structured plan with scheduled tasks, access and equipment provisioning triggered on start date, training assignments and check-ins. Build it once and every subsequent hire is faster.
16.5

Training/development

Time8/10Financial7/10Automation7/10
What this is
How people build capability after they arrive.
Why it matters
Training is what allows delegation, and delegation is what releases owner time. It is also one of the strongest retention factors for good people.
You have a problem here if
Development happens only when someone requests it.
What to automate
Automate the scheduling, assignment, tracking and reminders; the coaching itself is human. Tie training directly to the skills-matrix gaps so it is targeted rather than generic.
16.6

Performance management

Time7/10Financial8/10Automation6/10
What this is
How performance is set, discussed and acted on.
Why it matters
Without a rhythm, performance problems are tolerated until they become resignations or dismissals, both expensive. Good performers also go unrecognised.
You have a problem here if
Performance conversations happen when there is a problem.
What to automate
Automate the cadence, the record and the objective data that feeds the conversation. The conversation is the point and cannot be delegated to software.
16.7

Productivity

Time8/10Financial9/10Automation7/10
What this is
What people actually produce relative to the resource they cost.
Why it matters
Productivity per person is the number that tells you whether growth is compounding or just getting bigger. It is also where operational improvements show up.
You have a problem here if
Revenue per employee has been flat or falling as the business has grown.
What to automate
Automate the measurement at team and business level. Be careful: individual productivity metrics applied without judgement damage collaboration and encourage the wrong behaviour.
16.8

Compensation/reward

Time5/10Financial7/10Automation5/10
What this is
How people are paid and rewarded relative to the market and to their contribution.
Why it matters
Pay is rarely the reason good people join and frequently the reason they leave. Getting it approximately right removes a distraction; getting it wrong is expensive in turnover.
You have a problem here if
You do not know how your pay compares to the local market for your key roles.
What to automate
Modest. Benchmark data gathering and payroll administration automate well; the reward structure is a judgement about behaviour and fairness that should not be outsourced to a formula.
16.9

Retention

Time7/10Financial8/10Automation6/10
What this is
Keeping the people you would be damaged by losing, and knowing who they are.
Why it matters
Turnover costs recruitment, lost productivity, and the knowledge that leaves with the person. In a small team, one departure can remove a capability entirely.
You have a problem here if
Good people leave and the reason is discovered afterwards, if at all.
What to automate
Automate the signals — tenure, engagement responses, absence and workload patterns — into a simple risk view, and run structured exit interviews recorded consistently. Acting on the signal is management work.
16.10

Succession

Time4/10Financial7/10Automation3/10
What this is
What happens to each critical role if the person in it leaves.
Why it matters
Succession is low-urgency and high-consequence, which is why it is almost universally deferred. It is also directly linked to whether the business can be sold.
You have a problem here if
For at least one role, the honest answer to "what if they left tomorrow?" is that things would stop.
What to automate
Barely automatable — three out of ten. The one mechanism that helps is systematic documentation and cross-training, which is a deliberate programme rather than a tool. Start with the role whose absence would hurt most.
16.11

Workforce planning

Time6/10Financial7/10Automation7/10
What this is
Matching the people you will have to the work you expect.
Why it matters
Reactive hiring is expensive and slow; it also means capacity arrives after the demand that needed it. Planning converts panic hiring into scheduled hiring.
You have a problem here if
Hiring decisions are made in the month they become urgent.
What to automate
Combine pipeline forecast and capacity data into a forward staffing view, refreshed automatically. It will not be exactly right, but it converts a surprise into a lead time.

Category totals

Time 75/110 · Financial 82/110 · Automation 68/110. The sum is the official roll-up; the averages above exist so categories of different sizes can be compared.